Ryan Huang
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CodeMonte-Carlo ray tracing · optics

photon-trace

A small Monte-Carlo ray tracer for a cross-section of a deep-UV LED: TE/TM dipole emission, Fresnel reflection and total internal reflection, running live in the browser.

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Built with
TypeScript, SVG
  • Simulation
  • Photonics

Cross-section of a deep-ultraviolet LED with traced light raysIllustrative TM emission from the quantum wells. Of 3,000 simulated rays, about — leave through the top, — through the sidewalls, and the rest are absorbed.air · n = 1.0csapphiren ≈ 1.8AlGaN epin ≈ 2.6quantum wellslight starts herep-contactabsorbs DUVTM emission
top —sides —absorbed —
It's an illustration, not the model from the paper.

01

Emission

TM emission is sampled from a sin²θ pattern about the c-axis and TE from (1 + cos²θ)/2, by rejection sampling.

02

Interfaces

At every boundary the ray reflects with the s- or p-polarized Fresnel probability, refracts by Snell's law, or is totally internally reflected.

03

What it shows

With vertical sidewalls, roughly 1% of TM light leaves through the top while a fifth escapes through the sides, which is the point of the sidewall-recovery question.

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